Estoicismo - Bibliografia Recomendada

Segue uma lista de livros que podem ajudar na pesquisa sobre o Pórtico.



MARCONDES, Danilo. Iniciação à História da Filosofia: dos Pré-Socráticos a Wittgenstein. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Ed., 2001.

ERLER, Michael & GRAESER, Andréas. Filósofos da Antiguidade 2: do Helenismo à Antiguidade Tardia. São Leopoldo/RS: Editora da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (UNISINOS), 2002.

ULLMANN, Reinholdo Aloysio. Estoicismo Romano: Sêneca, Epicteto, Marco Aurélio. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, 1996.

BRUN, Jean. O Estoicismo. Lisboa/Portugal: Edições 70.



REALE, Giovanni. História da Filosofia Antiga. Volume 3: Os Sistemas da Era Helenística, e Volume 4: As Escolas da Era Imperial. São Paulo: Loyola, 1994.

GAZOLLA, Rachel. O Ofício do Filósofo Estóico: O Duplo Registro do Discurso da Stoa. São Paulo: Loyola, 1999. Coleção Leituras Filosóficas.

AURÉLIO, Marco. Meditações. São Paulo: Editora Iluminaturas, 1995. Introdução de William Li.

FORSTATER, Mark. Ensinamentos Espirituais de Marco Aurélio. São Paulo: Arx, 2002.

YOURCENAR, Margarite. Memórias de Adriano. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1980.

LISSNER, Ivar. Os Césares, Apogeu e Loucura. Belo Horizonte: Editora Itatiaia, 1985.

GRIMAL, Pierre. Marco Aurélio. Madrid: Fondo de Cultura Econômica, 1997.

GIBBON, Edward. Declínio e Queda do Império Romano.. Companhia de Bolso, 2005.

CUNHA, Mário de Souza. Marco Aurélio. Editora Ésquilo.

SANTO, Arnaldo do Espírito. Marco Aurélio. Editorial Inquérito.

INWOOD, Brad. Os Estóicos. Editora Odysseus, 2006.

CHAUÍ, Marilena. Introdução à História da Filosofia. Companhia das Letras, 2002.

DIÓGENES, Laércio. Vida e Doutrina dos Filósofos Ilustres. Brasília : Ed. UnB, 2001.

DUHOT, Jean-Jöel. Epicteto e a Sabedoria Estóica. São Paulo : Loyola, 2006.

SANSON, Vitorino Felix. Estoicismo e cristianismo. Caxias do Sul, RS : EDUCS, 1988.

GOULET-CAZÉ, Marie-Odile & BRANHAM, R. Bracht (Org.). Os Cínicos: O Movimento Cínico na Antiguidade e o Seu Legado. São Paulo: Loyola, 2007.



Obras Diversas


AFRICA, T.W., "The Opium Addiction of Marcus Aurelius," JHI 22 (1961) 97-102.

____________, "The Philosopher - Marcus Aurelius," in his Rome of the Caesars (New York, 1965) 190-206.

ASMIS, E., "The Stoicism of Marcus Aurelius," in ANRW II 36.3 (Berlin/New York, 1989) 2228-52.

BECATTI, G., La Colonna di Marco Aurelio (Milan, 1957).

BIRLEY, A., Lives of the Later Caesars: The First Part of the Augustan History with Newly Compiled Lives of Nerva and Trajan (London, 1976).

__________, Marcus Aurelius (London, 19872).

BOWERSOCK, G.W., Greek Sophists in the Roman Empire (Oxford, 1969)

BRUNT, P.A., "M. Aurelius and His Meditations," JRS 64 (1974) 1-20.

___________, "Stoicism and the Principate," PBSR 43 (1975) 7-35.

___________, "Marcus Aurelius and the Christians," in C. Deroux, ed., Studies in Latin Literature and Roman History (Collection Latomus 64; Brussels 1979) 483-520.

CHAMPLIM, E., Fronto and Antonine Rome (Cambridge, MA, 1980).

ECK, W., "Marcus Aurelius," in Der Neue Pauly, 7 (1999) cols. 870-75.

________. "Avidius Cassius," in Der Neue Pauly 2 (1997) 370.

FARQUAHARSON, A.S.L., trans., The Meditations of Marcus

Aurelius Antoninus, and a Selection from the Letters of Marcus and Fronto, trans. R.B. Rutherford (Oxford, 1989).

GARZETTI, A., From Tiberius to the Antonines (translated by J.R Foster, London, 1974).

GILIAM, J.F., "The Plague under Marcus Aurelius," AJP 82 (1961) 225-51.

GRAMT., M., The Antonines: The Roman Empire in Transition (London and New York, 1994).

HALFMANN, H., Itinera principum (Stuttgart, 1986).

HAMMOND, M. The Antonine Monarchy (Rome, 1959).

HENDRICKS, B., "Once again: Marcus Aurelius, Emperor and Philosopher," Historia 23 (1974) 254-56

KERESZTES, P., "The Massacre at Lugdunum in 177 A.D.," Historia 16 (1967) 75-86.

_____________, "Marcus Aurelius a Persecutor?," HTR 61 (1968) 321-41.

KLEIN, R., ed., Marc Aurel (Darmstadt, 1979).

KNAUER, E.R., Das Reiterstandbild des Kaisers Marc Aurel (Stuttgart, 1968).

LITTMAN, R.J. and M.L., "Galen and the Antonine Plague," AJP 94 (1973) 243-55

LONG, A.A., "Epictetus and Marcus Aurelius," in T.J. Luce, ed., Ancient Writers II (New York, 1982) 985-1002.

MARCO AURÉLIO - Mostra di Cantiere (Rome 1984).

MILLAR, F., A Study of Cassius Dio (Oxford, 1964).

__________, The Emperor in the Roman World (Ithaca, NY, 1977).

NASH, E., Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome, two volumes, (London, 1961-62).

OLIVER, J.H. and R.E.A. Palmer, "Minutes of an Act of the Roman Senate," Hesperia 24 (1955) 320-49.

OLIVER, J.H., Marcus Aurelius. Aspects of Civic and Cultural Policy in the East (American School of Classical Studies, Princeton: Hesperia Supplement XIII, 1970).

PEROWNE, S., Caesars and Saints (London 1962.)

___________, The Caesars' Wives - above suspicion? (London, 1974).

RAEPSAET-CHARLIER, M.-T., Prosopographie des Femmes de l'Ordre Sénatorial (Ier-IIe siècles) (Louvain, 1987).

ROSEN, K., "Sanctus Marcus Aurelius," in Historiae Augustae Colloquium Argentoratense (Bari, 1998) 285-96.

RUTHEFORD, R.B., The Meditations of M. Aurelius: A Study (Oxford, 1989).

RYBERG, I.S., Panel Reliefs of Marcus Aurelius (New York, 1967).

DE SERVIEZ, J.R., tr. B. Molesworth, The Roman Empresses (London, 1752; New York 1913) II 47-91.

STANTON, G.R., "Marcus Aurelius, Emperor and Philosopher," Historia 18 (1969) 570-87.

_____________, "Marcus Aurelius, Lucius Verus, and Commodus: 1962-1972," in ANRW II 2 (Berlin/New York, 1975) 478-549.

STEINBY, E.M., Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae, six vols., (Rome, 1993-2000).

SYME, R. "Avidius Cassius: His Rank, Age, and Quality," in Roman Papers V (Oxford, 1988) 689-701

TALBERT, R.J.A., The Senate of Imperial Rome (Princeton, 1984).

VOGEL, L., The Column of Antoninus Pius (Cambridge, MA, 1973).

WEBER, W., "The Antonines," in CAH XI (Cambridge, 1936) 325-92 (a new edition of this volume is expected shortly).

FARQUHARSON, A. S. L. 1989. The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, and a Selection from the Letters of Marcus and Fronto, trans. with introduction and notes by R. B. Rutherford. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

———. 1992. Marcus Aurelius: Meditations. London: Everyman. [Contains the translation and commentary of the original OUP 1944 2-volume edition.]

GRUBE, G. M. A. 1983. The Meditations of Marcus Aurelius. Indianapolis: Hackett.

HAINES, C. R. 1930. Marcus Aurelius. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.

HAYS, Gregory. 2002. Marcus Aurelius: Meditations. New York: Modern Library.

HARD, Robin. 1997. Marcus Aurelius: Meditations. with introduction and notes by Christopher Gill. Ware: Wordsworth.

HICKS, C. Scott and David V. Hicks. 2002. Marcus Aurelius: The Emperor’s Handbook. New York: Scribner.

JACKSON, John. 1948. The Thoughts of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus. London: Oxford University Press.

LONG, George. 1991 [1909] Meditations: Marcus Aurelius. Amhurst, NY: Prometheus. [Typographical facsimile of a 1909 reprint of Long’s 1862 translation.]

———. 1997. Meditations: Marcus Aurelius. Mineola, NY: Dover. [A revised version, modernising the ‘archaic language and tangled syntax of Long’s Victorian prose’.]

RENDALL, Gerald H. 1898. Marcus Aurelius Antoninus to Himself: An English Translation with Introductory Study on Stoicism and the Last of the Stoics. London: Macmillan.

Staniforth, Maxwell. 1964. Marcus Aurelius: Meditations. London: Penguin.



Sobre Marco Túlio Cícero

GRIFFIN, M. T. and E. M. Atkins. eds. 1991. Cicero: On Duties: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

GRANT, Michael. 1960. Cicero: Selected Works. London: Penguin. [Includes ‘Against Verres 1’, ‘Twenty-three Letters’, ‘The Second Philippic Against Antony’, ‘On Duties 3’, and ‘On Old Age’.]

———. 1971. Cicero: On the Good Life. London: Penguin. [Includes ‘Discussions at Tusculam 5’, ‘On Duties 2’, ‘Laelius: On Friendship’, ‘On the Orator 1’, ‘The Dream of Scipio’ and several useful appendices.]

GRAVER, Margaret. 2002. Cicero on the Emotions: Tusculan Disputations 3 and 4. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [Translation and commentary.]

KING, J. E. 1927. Tusculan Disputations. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.

MACKENDRICK, Paul. 1989. The Philosophical Books of Cicero. London: Duckworth. [Summaries of all Cicero’s philosophical works.]

RACKHAM, H. 1913. De Officiis. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.

———. 1931. De Finibus. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.

———. 1942. De Oratore (Bk 3), De Fato, Paradoxa Stoicorum, De Partitione Oratoria. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.

WALSH, P. G. 1997. Cicero: The Nature of the Gods. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

WOOLF, Raphael. 2001. Cicero: On Moral Ends. edited by Julia Annas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

WRIGHT, M. R. 1991. Cicero: On Stoic Good and Evil. Warminster: Aris & Phillips. [Latin with facing English translation, and commentary, of ‘De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum 3’ and ‘Paradoxa Stoicorum’.]




Sobre Arius Didymus

POMEROY, Arthur J. 1999. Arius Didymus, Epitome of Stoic Ethics: Text and Translation. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.



Sobre Epicteto

BOTER, Gerard. 1999. The Encheiridion of Epictetus & its Three Christian Adaptations: Transmission & Critical Editions. Leiden: Brill.

BONFORTE, John. 1974. Epictetus: A Dialogue in Common Sense. New York: Philosophical Library. [Well paraphrased selections from the Discourses, The Handbook, and Fragments.]

DOBBIN, Robert. 1998. Epictetus: Discourses Book 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Includes commentary.]

HARD, ROBIN. 1995. The Discourses of Epictetus. edited, with introduction and notes, by Christopher Gill. London: Everyman/Dent. [Includes the complete Discourses, The Handbook, and Fragments.]

HIGGINSON, Thomas Wentworth. 1890. The Works of Epictetus Consisting of His Discourses, in Four Books, The Enchiridion, and Fragments. Boston: Little, Brown, & Company.

———. 1944. Epictetus: Discourses and Enchiridion. Roslyn, NY: Walter J. Black.

———. 1948. The Enchiridion. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
LONG, George. 1890. The Discourses of Epictetus with the Encheiridion and Fragments. London: George Bell. [First published 1848.]

———. 1991. Enchiridion. Amherst, NY: Prometheus.

MATHESON, P. E. 1916. Epictetus: The Discourses and Manual. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

MATSON, Wallace I. 1998. Epictetus: Encheiridion. in Louis P. Pojman. ed. Classics of Philosophy: Volume 1, Ancient and Medieval. New York: Oxford University Press.

OLDFATHER, W. A. 1925, 1928. Epictetus: The Discourses as Reported by Arrian, The Manual, and Fragments. 2 vols. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press.

ROLLESTON, T. W. 1892. The Teaching of Epictetus: Being the ‘Encheiridion of Epictetus’, with Selections from the ‘Dissertations’ and ‘Fragments’. London: George Routledge.

WALKER, Ellis. 1716. Epicteti Enchiridion: The Morals of Epictetus Made English in a Poetical Paraphrase. London: Keble and Gosling.

White, Nicholas. 1983. Handbook of Epictetus. Indianapolis: Hackett.



Sobre Musônio Rufo

LUTZ, Cora E. 1947. Musonius Rufus ‘The Roman Socrates’. Yale Classical Studies 10: 3–147.




Sobre Lucio Aneu Sêneca

BARKER, E. Phillips. 1932. Seneca’s Letters to Lucilius. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

BASORE, J. W. 1928, 1932, 1935. Moral Essays. 3 vols. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. [The complete Moral Essays.]

CAMPBELL, Robin. 1969. Seneca: Letters from a Stoic. Penguin. [A selection from the Moral Letters.]

COOPER, John M. and J. F. Procopé. 1995. Seneca: Moral and Political Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Includes ‘On Anger’, ‘On Mercy’, ‘On the Private Life’, and ‘On Favours’.]

COSTA, C. D. N. 1988. Seneca: 17 Letters. Warminster: Aris & Phillips. [A selection from the Moral Letters.]

———. 1994. Seneca: Four Dialogues. Warminster: Aris & Phillips. [Includes ‘The Good Life’, ‘On Tranquillity of Mind’, ‘On the Steadfastness of the Wise Man’, and ‘Consolation to Helvia’.]

———. 1997. Seneca: Dialogues and Letters. London: Penguin. [Includes ‘Consolation to Helvia’, ‘On Tranquillity of Mind’, ‘On Shortness of Life’, Moral Letters 24, 57, 79 and 110, and three short selections from Natural Questions.]

GUMMERE, Richard M. 1917, 1920, 1925. Seneca: Epistles. 3 vols. Cambridge, MA: Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press. [The complete Moral Letters.]

MOTTO, Anna Lydia. 1970. Seneca Sourcebook: Guide to the Thought of Lucius Annaeus Seneca. Amsterdam: Hakkert. [A book-length index of topics and names, referencing Seneca’s entire philosophical corpus.]

HADAS, Moses. 1958. The Stoic Philosophy of Seneca: Essays and Letters of Seneca. New York: Norton. [Includes ‘On Providence’, ‘On the Shortness of Life’, ‘On Tranquillity of Mind’, ‘Consolation to Helvia’, ‘On Clemency’, and a selection from the Moral Letters.]

TIMOTHY, H. B. 1973. The Tenets of Stoicism, Assembled and Systematized, from the Works of L. Annaeus Seneca. Amsterdam: Adolf M. Hakkert.




Outras Obras

Neostoic writers of the 16th and 17th centuries

KIRK, Rudolf. 1939. Tvvo Bookes Of Constancie (by Justus Lipsius, Englished by Sir John Stradling: 1594). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

———. 1951. The Moral Philosophie of the Stoicks. (written in French by Guillaume du Vair, Englished by Thomas James: 1598). New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.



Simplicius

BRENNAN, Ted and Charles Brittain. 2002. Simplicius: On Epictetus Handbook 1–26. London: Duckworth.

———. 1951. Simplicius: On Epictetus Handbook 27–53. London: Duckworth.



Other Primary Sources

MALHERBE, Abraham J. 1977. The Cynic Epistles: A Study Edition. Missoula, MT: Scholars Press.




Anthologies of Hellenistic Philosophy, including the Stoics


ANNAS, Julia. ed. 2001. Voices of Ancient Philosophy: An Introductory Reader. New York: Oxford University Press. [Readings and commentaries divided into thematic sections covering Plato, Aristotle and the Hellenistic philosophers.]

HADAS, Moses. 1961. Essential Works of Stoicism. New York: Bantam Book. [Complete texts of Marcus Aurelius To Himself, Epictetus Handbook, Seneca On Tranquility, Diogenes Laertius Life of Zeno.]

INWOOD, Brad and L. P. Gerson. 1997. Hellenistic Philosophy: Introductory Readings. 2nd edition. Indianapolis: Hackett. [Readings from the main schools: Epicureanism, Stoicism and Scepticism.]

IRWIN, Terence. 1999. Classical Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [Readings and commentary. Focuses on mainly the pre-Hellenistic period of Plato and Aristotle, but includes a few useful Stoic texts.]

LONG, A. A. and D. N. Sedley. 1987. The Hellenistic Philosophers, Volume 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [Readings from the main schools: Epicureanism, Stoicism, Scepticism, and the Academics. Includes commentaries on the readings. This is the standard primary source text. Volume 2 contains the original Greek and Latin.]

MALHERBE, Abraham J. 1986. Moral Exhortation: A Greco-Roman Sourcebook. Philadelphia: Westminster Press.

OATES, Whitney J. 1940. The Stoic and Epicurean Philosophers: The Complete Extant Writings of Epicurus, Epictetus, Lucretius, Marcus Aurelius. New York: Random House.

SAUNDERS, Jason L. ed. 1996. Greek and Roman Philosophy after Aristotle. New York: Free Press. [Readings from Epicureanism, Stoicism, Scepticism, Philo, Plotinus, and early Christian thought. Includes the complete P. E. Matheson translation of the Manual of Epictetus.]



Introductory Books on the Hellenistic Schools, including Stoicism


IRWIN, Terence. 1989. Classical Thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [A basic introduction to ancient Greek philosophy as a whole, including the Hellenistic schools.]

KRISTELLER, Paul Oskar. 1993. Greek Philosophers of the Hellenistic Age. trans. Gregory Woods. New York: Columbia University Press.

LONG, A. A. 1986. Hellenistic Philosophy: Stoics, Epicureans, Sceptics. 2nd ed. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

———. 1990. A History of Ancient Philosophy: 4. The Schools of the Imperial Age. ed. & trans. John R. Catan. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

SANDBACH, F. H. 1989. The Stoics. London: Duckworth, and Indianapolis: Hackett.

SHARPLES, R. W. 1996. Stoics, Epicureans, and Sceptics: An Introduction to Hellenistic Philosophy. London: Routledge.

STOCK, St. George. n.d. A Guide to Stoicism (Little Blue Book No. 347). Girard, KS: Haldeman–Julius.

ZEYL, Donald. ed. 1997. Encyclopedia of Classical Philosophy. London: Fitzroy Dearborn.




Other Secondary Literature

ALGRA, Keimpe, et al. eds. 1999. The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

ANNAS, Julia. 1992. Hellenistic Philosophy of Mind. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

———. 1995. The Morality of Happiness. New York: Oxford University Press.

ANTON, John P. and Anthony Preus. 1983. eds. Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy: Volume Two. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

ARMSTRONG, A. H. 1989. Classical Mediterranean Spirituality: Egyptian, Greek, Roman. New York: Crossroad.

ARNOLD, E. Vernon. 1911. Roman Stoicism. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

BAUER, Bruno. 1998. Christ and the Caesars: The Origin of Christianity from Romanized Greek Culture. trans. Frank E. Schacht. Charleston, SC: Charleston House.

BILLERBECK, Margarethe. 1996. The Ideal Cynic from Epictetus to Julian. in Branham and Goulet-Cazé 1996: 205–21.

BECKER, Lawrence C. 1998. A New Stoicism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

BOBZIEN, Susanne. 1998. Determinism and Freedom in Stoic Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

BONHÖFFER, Adolf Friedrich. 1996. The Ethics of the Stoic Epictetus. trans. William O. Stephens. New York: Peter Lang.

BRANHAM, R. Bracht and Marie-Odile Goulet-Cazé. eds. 1996. The Cynics: The Cynic Movement in Antiquity and its Legacy. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

BRAUND, Susanna Morton and Christopher Gill. eds. 1977. The Passions in Roman Thought and Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

BRITTAIN, Charles. 2002. Non-Rational Perception in the Stoics and Augustine. Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 22: 253–308.

BRUNSCHWIG, Jacques and Martha C. Nussbaum. eds. 1993. Passions and Perceptions: Studies in Hellenistic Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

BUZARÉ, Elen. 2002. Stoic Spiritual Exercises. Stoic Voice Journal 2–12 [at http://www.geocities.com/stoicvoice/journal/0102/eb0102e1.htm accessed 8 July 2002].

CAMPBELL, Keith. 1986. A Stoic Philosophy of Life. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.

COLISH, Marcia L. 1990. The Stoic Tradition from Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. 2 vols. Leiden: Brill.

COOPER, John M. 1999. Reason and Emotion: Essays on Ancient Moral Psychology and Ethical Theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

CHRISTENSEN, Johnny. 1962. An Essay on the Unity of Stoic Philosophy. Copenhagen: Munksgaard.

DOBBIN, Robert. 1991. Προαίρεσις in Epictetus. Ancient Philosophy 11–1: 111–35.

DILLON, J. M. and A. A. Long. eds. 1988. The Question of ‘Eclecticism’: Studies in Later Greek Philosophy. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

DUDLEY, Donald R. 1998 [1937] A History of Cynicism: From Diogenes to the 6th Century AD. with a forword and bibliography by Miriam Griffin. London: Bristol Classical Press.

EDELSTEIN, Ludwig. 1966. The Meaning of Stoicism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

ENGBERG-PEDERSEN, Troels. 1990. The Stoic Theory of Oikeiosis: Moral Development and Social Interaction in Early Stoic Philosophy. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press.

———. 2000. Paul and the Stoics. Edinburgh: T&T Clark.

FORTENBAUGH, William W. ed. 2002 [1983]. On Stoic and Peripatetic Ethics: the Work of Arius Didymus. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

FOUCAULT, Michel. 1986. The Care of the Self (Volume 3 of the History of Sexuality). trans. Robert Hurley. New York: Pantheon Books.

FRANCIS, James A. 1995. Subversive Virtue: Asceticism and Authority in the Second-Century Pagan World. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.

GARRETT, Jan Edward. 1999. Is the Sage Free from Pain? Volga Journal of Philosophy and Social Sciences 6 [at http://www.ssu.samara.ru/research/philosophy/frame.asp?journal=6; also at http://www.wku.edu/~jan.garrett/painst.htm accessed 8 July 2002].

GASS, Michael. 2000. Eudaimonism, Theology, and Stoicism. Journal of the History of Ideas 61–1: 19–37.

GRAVER, Margaret Robson. 1996. Therapeutic Reading and Seneca’s Moral Epistles. Ann Arbor, MI:UMI Dissertation Services. [PhD dissertation, Brown University: UMI number 9704034]

GRIFFIN, Miriam. 1992. Seneca: A Philosopher in Politics. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

———. and Jonathan Barnes. eds. Philosophia Togata I: Essays on Philosophy and Roman Society. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

GOULD, Josiah B. 1970. The Philosophy of Chrysippus. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

———. 1983. The Stoic Conception of Fate. in Anton and Preus 1983: 478–94.

GUMMERE, Richard M. 1963. Seneca the Philosopher and His Modern Message. New York: Cooper Square.

HADOT, Pierre. 1995. Philosophy as a Way of Life. Oxford: Blackwell.

———. 1998. The Inner Citadel: The Mediations of Marcus Aurelius. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

———. 2002. What is Ancient Philosophy? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

HARRIS, William V. 2001. Restraining Rage: The Ideology of Anger Control in Classical Antiquity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

HIJMANS, B. L. 1959. ΑΣΚΗΣΙΣ: Notes on Epictetus’ Educational System. Assen: Van Gorcum.

HICKS, R. D. 1962. Stoic and Epicurean. New York: Russell & Russell.

IERODIAKONOU, Katerina. ed. 1999. Topics in Stoic Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

INFINITO, Justen. 2002. Education, Philosophy and the Art Of Living. Philosophical Studies In Education (Ohio Valley Philosophy of Education Society) 33: 75–80 [at http://www.ovpes.org/2002/Infinito.pdf accessed 13 December 2002].

INWOOD, Brad. 1985. Ethics and Human Action in Early Stoicism. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

IRWIN, T. H. 1990 Virtue, Praise and Success: Stoic Responses to Aristotle. The Monist 73–1: 59–79.

KAMTEKAR, Rachana. 1998. ΑΙΔΩΣ in Epictetus. Classical Philology 93–2: 136–60.

KIMPEL, Ben. 1985. Stoic Moral Philosophies: Their Counsel for Today. New York: Philosophical Library.

LAKS, André and Malcolm Schofield. eds. 1995. Justice and Generosity: Studies in Hellenistic Social and Political Philosophy (Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium Hellenisticum. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

LESSES, Glen. 1989. Virtue and the Goods of Fortune in Stoic Moral Theory. Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 7: 95–127.

———.1993. Austere Friends: The Stoics and Friendship. Apeiron 26: 57–75.

LONG, A. A. 1989. Epicureans and Stoics. in Armstrong 1989: 135–53.

———. ed. 1996a. Problems in Stoicism. London: Athlone.

———. 1996b. Stoic Studies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———. 2001. Ancient Philosophy’s Hardest Question: What to Make of Oneself? Representations 74: 19–36.

———. 2002. Epictetus: A Stoic and Socratic Guide to Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

MORE, Paul Elmer. 1923. Hellenistic Philosophies. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

MOTTO, Anna Lydia. 1973. Seneca. New York: Twayne Publishers.

———. 2001. Further Essays on Seneca. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.

MOTTO, Anna Lydia and John R. Clark. 1993. Essays on Seneca. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.

MURPHY, Peter. 1999. The Existential Stoic. Thesis Eleven 59: 87–94 [at: http://www.sagepub.co.uk/journals/details/issue/sample/a010162.pdf accessed 26 August 2002].

NAVIA, Luis E. 1996. Classical Cynicism: A Critical Study. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

———. 1998. Diogenes of Sinope: The Man in the Tub. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

NUSSBAUM, Martha C. 1994. The Therapy of Desire: Theory and Practice in Hellenistic Ethics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

POWELL, J. G. F. 1995. Cicero the Philosopher: Twelve Papers. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

REESOR, Margaret E. 1989. The Nature of Man in Early Stoic Philosophy. London: Duckworth.

REYDAMS-SCHILS, Gretchen. 2002. Human Bonding and Oikeiōsis in Roman Stoicism. Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy 22: 221–51.

RIST, J. M. 1969. Stoic Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

———. ed. 1978. The Stoics. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

———. 1983. The Stoic Conception of Fate. in Anton and Preus 1983: 465–77.

ROWE, Christopher and Malcolm Schofield. eds. The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Political Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

SAMBURSKY, S. 1959. Physics of the Stoics. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

Sayre, Farrand. 1948 The Greek Cynics. Baltimore: J. H. Furst.

SCHOFIELD, Malcolm and Gisela Striker. eds. The Norms of Nature: Studies in Hellenistic Ethics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

SCHOFIELD, Malcolm. 1999 [1991]. The Stoic Idea of the City. with a new foreward by Martha C. Nussbaum. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

SEDDON, Keith. 1999. Do the Stoics Succeed in Showing How People Can be Morally Responsible for Some of Their Actions within the Framework of Causal Determinism? Volga Journal of Philosophy and Social Sciences 6 [at http://www.ssu.samara.ru/research/philosophy/frame.asp?journal=6; also at http://www.wku.edu/~jan.garrett/seddon1.htm accessed 8 July 2002].

———. 2000. The Stoics on Why We Should Strive to Be Free of The Passions. Practical Philosophy 3–3: 6–11 [also at http://www.wku.edu/~jan.garrett/seddon2.htm accessed 8 July 2002].

———. 2001. Epictetus. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy [at http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/e/epictetu.htm accessed 8 July 2002].

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Enfermeiro formado pela UFRJ. Pós-graduado em saúde mental. Humanista. Áreas de interesse: Cinismo; materialismo francês; Sade; Michel Onfray; ética. Idealizador e escritor do Portal Veritas desde dez/2005.

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